Improvement in oscillating piston-engines



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JAMES B DAVIS AND SE'IH M. DAVIS, Y.Olli HARRISONV ILLE, MISSOURI.

Letters Patent VNo.v 109,721, dated November 29,1870.

IMPROVEMENT m osciLLi-ING Pieronoi-:Nennes;l

The Schedule. referred to in these Patent a'nd mik-lng part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, .Lure-s B. Davis and Selur. M. DAVIS, of Harrisonville, inthe county of Cass and 'State of Missouri, have invented a new and improved iu which the pistons worin-and the fly orfha-ud-wheelf' Figure-3 is a view ofthe opposite end, showing the wheels for transmitting the motion of the pistons, the

mechanism for reversing the motion ot'the saine, and the baud-wheel.

Figure 4 is a ,vcrticaLsec-timi on line y y of lig.vl.

Figure 5 isa vertical section on line-:v 'x ofrg. 1. Figure (i isa vertical transverse sect-ion'online a (L oftg. l, showing; the arrangement of-stez.nnpassagcs and of the cylinder.

Figure 7 'is a vertical section on line l1 b of fig. '1, showing the arrangement ofthe induction and eduction-valrcs and steainpassagcs, the abntme'nts against which the steam presses, and of the oscillating pistons.

l Figure 8 is an elevation of on'c ofthe valves, showing the steam-passages, the projection for working it, and the journal vkupon its end.

Figure 9 isian end view of thcralvc. l

Figure 10 isa section on line c c ot' iig. 8, showing the arrangement oi' the steam-passages. l l

Figure ll is an, elevation oi' the .steam-chest, shoufing the induction and eduction pipes and the stops for tlni throttle-rabe.

Fignre-12 is a vertical section on lille (l l ot'iig. 1.

Ihis invention relates to that class ol engines which employ oscillating pistons; Vand v It consists in thevconstrnction, combination, and arimigcment ofv the parts ot' which it,iscomposed ,as will be more fully 'described hereinafter.

vA in'thc drawing refers to the framc-work ci the' engine, which may he of iron or \'ood,it hcing rcctaln'I guiar in form and of such dimensions as lare required to receive tho'parts of' the machinery.

` l refers t0 the cylinder, which is circular in torre', and` is composed of two disks, one-half ot' theca'vity beingiorn'ied'in encinas shown in lig. 7.. These disks are provided wi th lugs or anges, for attaching -them Ato the tiame, as shown in fig. 1.

415l B1 refer to the pistons, whichare made to it the circular cavity formed in the disks B. They may consist ofa plain piece of metal, or `they may consist of an ordinary piston,with packingfrings. Ineither case' theyn're to' be secured to the shaft B, or to a collar placed upon such shaft,1 the disks B being providedV with recesses near their centers, for such collar to rotate in, so that it shall movcsteam-tight, and thus prevent leakage around the shaft.-

B2 B2 refer to a'butrnents, which are placed in the circulan recess in Athe disks, directly opposite each other, they-being provided with grooves upon their sides, for the ingress and egress of steam from the valves to the circnlarrecess or cylinder. The construction ,and arrangement of these abutments are clearly shown in fig. 7 ol' the drawing, l

- '-1-refel's tothe shaft of the engine-,minion "li's'its bearings in the trame-work of the engine, as shown i11 lig. 1, and passes through the center of the disks, as above stated. v

vUpon the inner end of this shaft the beveled gear# wheel B* is secured, its oilicebeing to give motionto the other. parts ofthe engine,` as will be more fully explained hereinafter. A A j Upon tiiatpoition of the shaft B3 which is outside 'of the Vdisk 13,` there issecuied a' disleits'peliphcry l`being provided at certain-,points with projections,

which, owing -to the fact that its diameters regulatedA with reference thereto, come in contact with lsimilar projections upon: the rotary or oscillating valves, and

G C refer to-thc steam-chest ofthe engine, ofgwhicii-j there are two, one upon the top, and the other upon the bottom of the cylinder, and each containing-two valves, one for the induction, and oe forfthe eduction ol' steam; said'chests being provided with recesses or spaces Gfor the passage of. steam to said valve."

C" C" refer to the 'induction-valves, the construction oi'which is shown in fig, 7, 8, 9, and Il0, where it will be seen that they are so constructedthat thetw'o smaller passagesare niadeto communicate with the` larger, 'one of the valve, and .with the space upon either' side of the .abutmcnts inthe cylinder, so that as said valves are "moved bythe disks B andBE, steam will alter# natelv he 'adritted hetweenlsaid abutments and the The exhaust-valves are'construetcd like the induo..

thesteam-chests.

tion-vulvesabove'V described, andare arranged parallel with them, as shownl in fig. 6, so asI to permit the gress of thesteam from between thepistons and the abutments at the proper time. i' Gircfersto yokes, which'are attached tothesteamchests, from which they extend outward, so. as to receive a journal formed upon the outer end of the' valves, andrthus retain them in their positions within- .1 l l C* C4 referto the steam-induction pipes and pnss.

O C to the ednction-nozzles'.: 1 D D refer to 'wheels formed upon a portion of2 being so arranged upon shaft D,-which 'has' its bearings in the mainframe, that 'the toothed portion will mesh with the wheels upon the shaft B, the recipro`l eating motion of 'which they receive and convert into a continuous rotary motion by being-fitted loosely to the shattnpon which they are placed, and soarranged thereon that they can only perform a partial rotation withsaid shaft, ,when they are released from 'its control and allowed tomove in the oppositefdirection -imder theiniiuence of the '.7hee l, B, until 'ftbhey ,have i' e- .turned to their original positions: ii

It will be seen that, while one of these wheels is beingused to give the rotary niovement to the shaft D,

the other is being moved. backward upon the same shaft, preparatory to being used to propel the same whenthe oscillating wheel Bshall have commenced o moving inan opposite direction, and that thus a cont-inuon's rotary movement is imparted to the shaft D,

and the fly or band-wheel D, by the oscillating motion imparted to the piston of the engine, consequent upon the admission of steam alternately upon the opposite side of the abntments B. t

E E refer to dogs or pawls, which are hinged to lthe plank portions of the wheel D D, and so arranged' as to engage withprojections formed in collars upon the shafts D, so that as the wheels are moved inthe direction torg'ive the proper movement to said shaft they shall engage with such notches and propel the shalt; but when the wheels are moving in the-opposito direction they shall move fg'eely upon the surfaces of such collars until they again fiilljbehind the notches therein preparatory to another movement of the shaft. These pawls are held down= upon the surfacesof the collar by springs, as shown. in iig. 4, there being two upon each of the wheels, one on the top and the other upon the bpttom of each wheel, those on the lower por-4 tion being designated by E.

F refers toa Areverse-lever, which has its fulcrnni in a. bracket which is attached to the frame of the engine','and is used to throw the engine .into and out of gear.. y y

`Itis provided with a"dog, F, which is pivoted to its side, near its upperend, and is held in position 4by means of a spring, it being soarianged'that when the A lever is in position to hold the reversing, mechanism in position the dog will enter notches formed in the surface of the bracket vto which the reverse-levcr ispivoted. i

F is the bracket ahovereferrcd to, it being bolted to the side ofthe frame and having its outer end bifurcatcd to receive the reverse-lever F.

AF refers to'a connecting-rod, which is pivoted to the lower arm of the reverse-lever, from which point it extends and is connected by a joint or other suit, able device with ,the lower endI ot' crank-or arm 1i, which is secured upon the .outer end oi` the rock-shalt lf, which has its bearings'in brackets secured 'to the frame of the engine, as shown in iig. 3. l I.

From the under side of shaft F short arms F project, which are for the purpose of furnishing the means of moving the rods which oncinte the dogs E E.

which have orteeth their beveled surfaces, they cylinder.'

G G* refer to' rods which' extend from thcaams upon `shaft F, to which they are pivotcd, ,to and under the dogs EE, as shown injigul, the object being to raise such dogs out of contact with'thc collars 'upon shaft Dl, so as top'ermit such contact accordingly as it is' desired to have the' engine in or. ontofI gear. [lhcsc .rods are solarrangcd with reference to the pawls and the `reverse-lever thatfwhen said lever is in the proper positionto cause tho shaft D1 to irotatc,

their outer ends pass under the projections upon the -pawls and raise Athem outof the notches upon the shaft just at the time when the motion of the wheels DD areto' be reversed.

. H refers to the throttle-valve'chest, which is secured to the frame of the engine in any-conveuient'position,

-its upper surface being provided with two nozzles, to'.

one'of whlclrthe pipe which'leads to the steamv from the'generator is attached; andv to theotliervthe pipe` which leads Athe steam to the cylinder, the inductionpipe or pipesv being so arranged'as to lead the steam g Ito both 'top and bottom of thev cylinder. i

yliefern tothe throttlevalve,which is arranged in i the chest H in suoli a manner that, 'by lturning it into the position shown in iig. 12, steam will pass into the .pipes which conduct to the cylinder; but 4by turning it l sot-hat the stop upon its outer endrcsts upon the other stop upon the. r-hcst the steam will he cnt off from saiil r. v The -operation of our engine is as follows:

The parts having been (constructed and arranged substantially in the manner shown and* described, the reverse-lever is'thrown forward, or intothe notch in ,the hracketF, which will canse 4its upper end to ln- -cline toward the cylinder.

When the throttle-valve lever ll' is to be pntii'nto'thc i position shown in fig. 11,' which will permit the steam toV pass into the cylinder upon yopposite 'sides `of the abutments, as shwnin iig. 7, which will canse'the pis:

'ton to move in opposite direct-ion with a force dueto the pressure upon the two pistons, this movementofthe pistons will continue until t-hcy come nearly in contact with the opposite sides of the abntments, when the projections pon'the disks "Bis and B will come in contact with the projections upon the valves, and canse 4them to he turned, so as tov allow the steam which has brought the pistons into the positions'described to be exhausted, and soon after to admit steam tothe cylin der upon the opposite sides of the abutments B B?,

` which will cause them to bc returnedet-otheirbriginnl position. -V- y lhe above-described movement of thc pistonswill cause the gear-wheelV B* to moyc through the arc of a circle, or to oscillate to the extent of the movements. of the pistons, and'this movement ot' the wheel B* will cause the wheels D-D to `he moved in opposite di rcctions, and, as' the pawlswhiclr are pivoted to'their sides engage with the projections upon the sha-ft Dl or its collar only-when moving in one direction, it follows lthat one of the wheelsD willcause the shaft Dto l, move through a. portion ot' a revolution, during whichfg,

time the other wheel D will be moving in an opposite direction, with its 'pawl passing overthe surface ofthe notched collar,A and thismovement will continue` until the position of the last-named wheel is such as to nl-y low its ,p awlito engageV with the projections upouits collar, when, owing to the relation which these' parte sustain to the oscillating piston and thecam-disks, the movement of the parts will be reversed, and the last.-

named wheel Dfwill become thedriving=whcc1,and

wi1l`-cause the motion ot' the shaft Dl to be continu# in the saine direction in which' it was4 started the first-named wheel, while saidwheel is being returned to its original position preparatory to being again used to 'iid in continuing the movement vof thc' sha-ft, andthus a continuous rotary movement will be '45nd, from which the power of the engine'may be com.

enunlcated to any machinery that it may be desirable to drive ivth it. l

` Having thus described .our ini'ention,

ent ofthe United States, is-' 1. The combination andV arrangement of the cylinder B, hving in an annular, cavity oscillating piston .11, s ha: B', gear-wheel B wheels D 1) and their opemtve mechanism, shaft Dzlld y or band-wheel D, substantially as aud-for the p'urpose set toith.

2. The comblnation and; arrangement; of the disks D vand D, and 'selves O" C". substantially as and for the purpose sgi; forth.

3L 'Thecoinbinatiou and arrangement of .the wheels D D, rods G G, and parvls'E' E,'z 1 s and for` the pur-A poseset forth;

4. The' construction and arijgngementkof the wheels l DfD, substantially as and forfth'e purpose4 set forth. whatwe claim, and desire to seeul'e by Leiters Put- In testimony whereof', we havesigned oumnames tp this specification iuiihepresence of two sittestigg wilg messes.

' JAMES .,B. DAVIS.

SETH M. DAYIS.

lWitnesses:

- MARTIN POWELL, Rom. L. Foszrnn. 

